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Case Histories

I spent much of the month of January preparing a talk for our local literary and historical society on Golden Age detective fiction, more specifically on the work of Margery Allingham and Josephine Tey. These two writers – Tey especially – have often been sidelined in discussions of the ‘Queens of Crime’, yet it can be argued that their influence on modern crime fiction has been far reaching.

There was a lot of work involved in researching this topic but I loved every minute of it. The immersion in a particular area of literary history, a particular group of writers, is an activity I have always found to be profoundly energising and stimulating, both in terms of making new discoveries and in thinking about my own work. I read a lot of Golden Age stuff in my early twenties, not so much since, and so the vigour and innovation that characterises the best work of the period came as a revelation renewed. The genre has its unpalatable aspects, to be sure – the classism and anti-Scottish sentiment on display in Tey’s works, for example, the ridiculous levels of sexism in Anthony Berkley’s – but what is less often commented upon is the ingenuity and enthusiasm that flourished among the first wave of detective writers not simply in matters of plotting but in matters of language, character psychology and literary form.

I came to the end of my month of reading feeling I’d only scratched the surface, and my research will continue. Sarah Phelps’s cool and creepy new adaptation of Agatha Christie’s The Pale Horse came along just in time to feed my obsession, as did my discovery of the truly excellent Shedunnit podcast, hosted and written by Caroline Crampton. Focusing on the true crime stories that inspired many of the Golden Age narratives, Shedunnit is seriously addictive as well as beautifully compiled and presented – a real labour of love, which I recommend to you unreservedly.

Regular readers of this blog will know that I’m constantly on the lookout for more leftfield crime writing. This week, and in the service of that pursuit I finally made the acquaintance of Kate Atkinson’s semi-regular private detective Jackson Brodie. Case Histories is a wonderfully intricate, lovingly detailed novel that for all its sadness remains warm-hearted and very human. The seemingly effortless way Atkinson slips from tragedy to comedy and back again reveals a rare literary suppleness – she kept reminding me, weirdly, of George Eliot, and has a comparable social reach and breadth of field.

Her plotting is exquisite but it’s her willingness to go off on tangents that most earned my admiration and delight. Those details and backstories some might deem irrelevant form in Atkinson the beating heart of her story and I love her for it. I love her doubly, triply for never succumbing to melodrama or the desire to ‘ratchet up the tension’ that bedevils so many more generic crime novels. She writes detective fiction with heart, brain and soul, which is exactly as it should be. I’ll definitely be seeking out Brodie’s company again in the future.

And what a joy it’s been, to find myself immersed in books that weren’t published yesterday. I’m as addicted to new releases as anyone, but there’s a special kind of intimacy in reading works that no one else is particularly reading at this moment, a sense of discovery that can feel more invigorating that any prize list.

A good start to the reading year. This is how I hope to go on.

Night Boat to Tangier

I begin each reading year curious about which will be the first truly great book I stumble across and how long I’ll have to wait before that happens and this year I’m lucky: less than a month of 2020 has elapsed and I’ve already encountered Kevin Barry’s Night Boat to Tangier, his third novel, longlisted for the 2019 Booker Prize and as I’m turning the last page I’m wondering to myself how the judges could have had the hearts or minds to dismiss it from the running. It was a good longlist, I get that, a strong set of interesting books. Half of it had to be dispensed with, one way or another, but even so.

Night Boat to Tangier is not just a book about two Irish ex-gangsters. It’s a book about freedom and imprisonment, love (of course), exhaustion, despair, mental illness, the iron grip of history and personal trauma. Magic and folklore. Landscape, landscape and landscape. Poetry – because Night Boat to Tangier is an epic poem. If the definition – or a definition – of a work of art is a conceived artifact that is at one and the same time dreadfully specific yet utterly universal then Night Boat to Tangier is a work of art. (I keep thinking about John Banville, that quote of his just after he won the Booker about it being about time a work of art took the prize. I love it when writers come out with stuff they shouldn’t.)

Night Boat to Tangier fits wholly, sublimely into the song-tradition of Irish writing. But the feeling it gives me as I finish reading is – illogically, incongruously, absolutely – the same feeling I get reading or seeing a performance of Chekhov’s The Cherry Orchard.

Barry’s interpolation of magical elements into his text is the capstone of genius and I am coming to think that Barry must be a magician. At the very least, he reminds us with every sentence why writing matters. A book to sear the heart and thrill the mind.

Books of the year etc

Scalpsie Bay Christmas Day Swim 2019

At the time of writing (Saturday morning) I am halfway through reading Ben Lerner’s The Topeka School, and if I finish it, as I hope to, by the time of posting then I will have read eighty-five books this year. Not a colossal number by some marathon readers’ standards (you know who you are!) but good enough. Enough to be left with the sense that the year has provided something in the way of progress and of discovery. Enough to feel that I am about to enter 2020 knowing more about myself as a writer than I did twelve months ago. Reading, for me, has always been about that: the sense of community and communality with other writers, the being reminded of what we’re doing and why we do it. Now, perhaps more than at any other time in my life, I look upon writing as a vocation, and not just writing but everything that goes with it: thinking, reflecting, engaging with ideas and above all reading. It’s a serious business, a business of personal dedication, a truth that resists defamation as it resists erosion. It is this I hold to as we enter the next decade, with all its challenges.  

One thing I have decided not to do this year is to set myself any specific reading goals for the year to come. Chief among bookish pleasures through the month of December are the various end-of-year reading lists, videos and podcasts put out by reviewers, readers and critics, wrapping up old reading projects and detailing their upcoming reading plans. As many of these same readers discover, even the best laid of bookish plans are apt to fall by the wayside when confronted by time. Nor is this a simple matter of being seduced by newer, potentially more exciting titles. For me at least it has more to do with the fact that my reading evolves: each book I read has a knock-on effect on the next, has a direct bearing upon subsequent reading choices, and so I might often find – I do often find – that the reasons for setting a particular reading goal as much as the goal itself no longer feel relevant. This can feel frustrating but it is exciting too – that sense of discovery again, the feeling that you are being remade as a reader even as you read.

I know I am bound to be sucked into some prize-reading projects at some point – I am particularly looking forward to the release of the Republic of Consciousness Prize longlist in January (an energising and inspiring way to begin any year), the Gordon Burn Prize longlist in May and the Goldsmith’s Prize list beyond that. I enjoy book prizes not through any misplaced excitement at guessing the winner – the very notion of ‘winning’ in literature is a ridiculous one, and potentially harmful – but because of the discussion they generate, and because the particular focus of certain awards is interesting to me. They help my reading, in other words, even if only to push it in the opposite direction, they inspire debate. But I’m not going to be rigid about it: if I find myself losing interest in an awards shortlist, or if I don’t have the time, or if something more relevant presents itself, then that’s fine. There is always more to read.  

If I had to sum up my 2019 as a reading year, I’d describe it as oddly circular. You remember the hideous sequence in The Blair Witch Project where the three doomed students spend an entire day walking in a complete circle? My reading year has been something like that but (I hasten to add) in a good way. I find certain ideas coalescing, certain ambitions becoming cemented, certain interests being validated and reaffirmed. I’m working on three separate writing projects at the moment, a novel and two distinct pieces of creative non-fiction, each of which alternately feeds into and stimulates the other, the entire process stoked and bolstered by reading, and reading is rocket fuel. These three projects are my most personal to date, and the most challenging, which is why I am excited by them. There is a fear factor, but fear, at least when it comes to writing, is another brand of rocket fuel.

Since 2012, I’ve been in the habit of listing and making brief notes on all the books I read in the given year, as well as allocating to each a mark out of ten. These scores are arbitrary and personal, as likely to be affected by what was going on in my life or most especially in my writing when I read a book as by how far a particular title turned out to accord with my bookish needs or prejudices at the time. The lists are interesting to look back on though, especially over time as patterns emerge and themes repeat. For my best books of 2019, I’ve decided to reveal the nine titles I gave a 10/10. I had no plans to do this at the start of the year, so there has been no pre-calculation involved, and I have resisted the temptation to up the scores of certain titles just to include them here, strong though that temptation has turned out to be. (There are ten 9s on my list, any of which might have been a 10 on a different day.)

Here, in the order in which I read them, are my 9 10s of 19:

Die, My Love by Ariana Harwicz. Reading Harwicz is like mainlining pure language. Her use of metaphor, her creative juxtaposition of particular images and ideas brings her prose so close to poetry it makes no difference. Her sheer outspokenness as a writer, her definitive abandonment of traditional narrative form, her willingness to break all kinds of taboos makes this novel seem almost illicit, a secret code for writers and for women writers especially. Harwicz’s follow-up, Feebleminded, which was published in English translation this May, is even more insane and just as brilliant (I gave it a 9, if you’re wondering, knocking off a point mainly, I think, because it gave me the literary equivalent of room-spin when I first started reading it. I subsequently discovered that the best, perhaps the only way of reading Harwicz is to down the whole book in a single sitting. This kind of full immersion not only allows the story to free itself from the mass of words, it also – frightening though this may sound – makes the mindsets of the protagonists seem logical and normal!)

As If by Blake Morrison. This is Morrison’s account and personal reflections on his time spent as one of the journalists commissioned to cover the trial of Robert Thompson and Jon Venables, the ten-year-old murderers of toddler James Bulger in 1993. I read this book primarily for research but as a work of true crime, as a personal enquiry into the nature of violence and the nature of the British media I cannot recommend Morrison’s work enough. Incredible writing, important insights. A very tough reading experience but absolutely necessary. I shall be reading this again.  

Black Car Burning by Helen Mort. I wrote about this novel earlier in the year and love it unequivocally.

The Sing of the Shore by Lucy Wood. I admired Lucy Wood’s debut collection Diving Belles, but for me this 2018 eollection is even stronger. We’re back in Cornwall, but the elements of myth and magic Wood incorporated so seamlessly into Diving Belles have been stripped away, leaving a tougher, harsher-seeming landscape that nonetheless seems to shimmer with aspects of the uncanny. Such a strong book, a natural (southern) counterpoint to the Mort. I’m hoping we’ll hear news of Wood’s next project soon because I’m eager for more of her sensitive, penetrative, unsentimental landscape writing.  

I Am Sovereign by Nicola Barker. Pure, unadulterated, mischievous, brilliant, intelligent, tender, human, literary delight.

Slip of a Fish by Amy Arnold. Thinking about this novel now I can’t help seeing how closely, in its way, it compares with the Harwicz. The approach is different – more vulnerable and less combative – but the unsettling subject matter, the unnerving ambiguity and pain of the relationships described, makes this feel almost like a sister narrative. Slip of a Fish is a profoundly impressive debut and I hope we see more from Arnold soon.  

The Porpoise by Mark Haddon. I named this book as my ‘Tiny Tim’ in my Christmas Carol book tag, the novel that I feel is deserving of more attention than it has so far received, and I will continue to repeat my puzzlement at why it has commanded so much less than its fair share of debate and discourse in 2019. The Porpoise is a masterclass in the use of myth and fairy tale in postmodern fiction. More than that, it is a heart-pounding story, immersive and interrogative at the same time (a hard trick to pull off). This novel is full of colour and magic, clever twists of both the narrative and literary variety. It also includes what might be the sole legitimate (and literal!) use of a deus ex machina in contemporary fiction. Glorious book. Read it.   

Dark Lies the Island by Kevin Barry. I was all set to give this collection a 9 but the final story, set in Berlin, raised the threshold because I found it so moving and resonant. Every story is a gem, though, and Barry looks set to be the kind of writer who will just get better and better. I’ve been saving his Booker-longlisted Night Boat to Tangier to read in early 2020 and I can’t wait.

Leaving the Atocha Station by Ben Lerner. Reading this was like seeing my own thought processes laid bare. Not the substance of the thoughts, or not always – Lerner’s ‘Adam’ is still in his twenties, and a guy – but the way thoughts cross and diverge, coalesce into images, become ideas. The way he writes about becoming acquainted with a second language, the way meaning accrues gradually to words, and sets of words – the way meaning becomes defined, rather in the manner of the initially blurred outlines of a Polaroid photograph – resonated with me particularly as I’ve never come across such an accurate rendition of my own experience. Art, poetry, history, impostor syndrome, the writer’s evolving objective awareness of what will be their material – Leaving The Atocha Station sits beside certain texts I read in 2018 (Greg Baxter’s Munich Airport, Gwendoline Riley’s First Love, Eley Williams’s Attrib, Jenny Offill’s Dept of Speculation) that have been helping to build my courage, confidence and ambition as a writer. I gave Lerner’s follow-up 10:04 a 9, simply in response to the fact that of the two, Leaving the Atocha Station is marginally my favourite. At the time of writing I cannot imagine giving The Topeka School anything less than a 10 [edit 31/12 – yup, it’s a 10]. It’s the kind of novel that defines a career. I’m still struggling to articulate what it is about Lerner’s writing that has affected me so much, so I’ll stop trying for the moment and encourage you to go and listen to Lerner himself in this excellent podcast interview. His ideas about what constitutes autofiction are expressed with clarity and deep practical insight and I loved every minute of what he has to say.

Regular readers of this blog will know I struggle with Christmas, a festival that has become unsure of its identity, hollowed out through commercialism, unrealistic expectations and personal stress, and with December in general, with the light decreasing and the encroachment of, well, Christmas. I’m thinking that next year I might organise a special meal and evening of ghost stories for the solstice as a strategic counterattack – December 21st is like a breath of light and sanity for me, always has been – but in the meantime, this winter has been made easier by my morning runs. Leaving the house each morning at around 7:30, I have seen the light leach back into the sky, the sun rise in a wash of red and blazing orange above the firth. The physical contact with the outside air, the sense of the world as planet has been a matter of spiritual sustenance and renewal. The days have seemed longer, more resilient, and Christmas day itself was made special by taking part in the morning swim at Scalpsie bay. The weather was… cold but incredible, as was the experience as a whole, in fact. I’ve never done a winter swim before and as a first this was unforgettable. Two books also have helped to anchor me through the disappointments and uncertainties of this past month: Under the Rock, by Ben Myers and Ghostland, by Edward Parnell. Both these works evoke and examine ideas about landscape, belonging, grief, creativity, resistance and inclusive heritage that feel powerful and relevant to me and I thank them for being there.

Huge thanks to everyone who has supported me this year, who has read this blog or read The Dollmaker or found interest or joy in any of the books or films I have ranted or raved about. A happy new year to you all, and here’s to new adventures and new directions in the months to come.      

A Christmas Carol book tag

It’s been a tough couple of weeks for everyone, and as Christmas is traditionally a time for fun and games, I thought it would be good to play one. There’s a tag going around on Booktube at the moment based around Charles Dickens’s A Christmas Carol, and in between rushing to finish some review commissions before the end of the year I’ve greatly enjoyed watching readers’ videos detailing their choices. The tag was invented by Booktube regular Lauren Wade – you can see her original video here – and my own choices are below:

1: The Ghost of Christmas Past – A book that was a childhood favourite

There are so many I could choose, of course, but I’m going to plump for Charlotte Sometimes by Penelope Farmer. This is a time-slip story that in its melancholy and in its slight edge of danger has the feel of a ghost story, which makes it particularly appropriate for the season. As with so many favourite works from childhood, I never actually owned this book – I had to keep going back to the library whenever I wanted to read it again, which was often. I think I might treat myself to my own copy – finally – in the new year.

2: The Ghost of Christmas Present – A recent book that you think will become one of your all time favourites

I’m planning to write a best-of-year post around this time next week, so more recent favourites to follow, but for the purposes of this tag I’m going to pick Leaving the Atocha Station by Ben Lerner. This was published in 2011, so an open question as to whether it actually counts as recent or not, but as I read it for the first time this year I think it qualifies. I cannot imagine ever falling out of love with this book, or with Lerner as a writer. The way he talks about art, poetry, the art of translation, the interaction of past and present, duplicity, uncertainty – this is a portrait of the artist as a young man that will stand the test of time for sure.

3: The Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come – A book coming out next year that you’re most excited about

The list of books I want to read next year is already well into double figures (David Mitchell’s Utopia Avenue, Evie Wyld’s The Bass Rock, Emily St John Mandel’s The Glass Hotel, Ottessa Moshfegh’s Death in Her Hands…) but if I had to pick one to top that list it would have to be The Liar’s Dictionary, by Eley Williams. Her debut collection Attrib. made such an impression on me I think it’s fair to say it changed my writing life. The synopsis for this new book sounds so far up my street it’s practically living in my attic. I can’t wait to see what Williams has come up with.

4: Bah, Humbug! – A book that everyone else loves that you just can’t stand

This isn’t going to be a popular opinion (and I guess that’s the point), but I’m going to have to pick Margaret Atwood’s The Testaments. I love Atwood’s work, I love everything Atwood stands for. But come on, this novel is weak and massively overhyped. I’m just going to come out and say it: The Testaments should never have been written, much less won the Booker (Lucy was robbed).

5: Bob Cratchit – An old dependable that you always recommend

I’m sure the list of books I habitually recommend is overlong and predictable, so I’ll pick one of the weirder ones from it and go for Keith Ridgway’s Hawthorn & Child. I am obsessed with this book, by what Ridgway does with the crime genre. In fact, I think I’m due a reread…

6: Tiny Tim – An underhyped book that you think deserves more love

Zero hesitation here in pushing Mark Haddon’s The Porpoise. This book made me cry just because it’s so excellently written. The treatment of myth, the mixing and merging of genres, the sheer joy of this thing. And what a wonderful ending. I adored it literally from the first page. I cannot understand why this book isn’t making more waves.

7: Today? Why it’s Christmas Day! – What’s a book that always gets you in the mood for Christmas (apart from A Christmas Carol)?

Well, that’s going to have to be Agatha Christie’s Murder on the Orient Express. For Christmas read Christie-mas. Job done.

8: The Muppet Christmas Carol – Your favourite film adaptation of a book

This is really difficult. I’m torn between the obvious Christmassy ones – Sidney Lumet’s Murder on the Orient Express (see above), Sidney Lanfield’s The Hound of the Baskervilles, Jack Clayton’s The Innocents – and adaptations I love that have no Christmas connection – Peter Weir’s Picnic at Hanging Rock, John Schlesinger’s Far From the Madding Crowd, David Lean’s A Passage to India – so I think I’m going to opt for Joseph Losey’s The Go-Between, which although it is set at the height of summer I’m convinced I saw for the first time at Christmas. This film had a profound effect on me and I love it still.

Wishing all readers of this blog a peaceful and magical festive season, stuffed with good books, good food and great ghost stories. See you back here soon for my end of the year book roundup and plans for 2020.

Day of reckoning

The end of the year has yielded some marvellous reading. I’ve been saving Helen Oyeyemi’s Gingerbread until now, because the very title makes me think of Christmas (the parts of it I still enjoy, frost and music mainly, and, well, gingerbread) and because her close-knit, somehow private prose has a wintry feel, at least for me, by which I mean the scent of woodsmoke and the way Rothesay Bay looks – like the lagoon in The Land that Time Forgot – when it’s shrouded in mist.

Oyeyemi’s Gingerbread is all those things. It’s also a novel that is supported by an undercurrent of deep anger, wrapped about so tightly in coloured lights and party games you might not notice it. There’s a scene in the book where a bunch of helpless girls are being bullied by a bunch of other, momentarily more powerful girls, who make the tormented ones laugh and smile while they’re being pinched and manhandled, so the adults (and the watching cameras) will not realise what’s actually going on. The whole of Gngerbread is like this, and this is its subject matter.

I could call Oyeyemi a clever writer or a subversive writer or a writer of startling originality and while she is all of these things, what she is most is a writer who is intent on following her own interests, her own concerns, her own manner of expression, with barely a thought for the ‘literary establishment’ or what might be popular or acceptable or ‘now’. Her work is discursive, densely wound as a ball of wool and sometimes as difficult to untangle. There are moments when it’s tiring to read, to stick with it, because it’s so much its own thing, showing so little concern for what I might be thinking or feeling, but that’s what makes Oyeyemi’s writing rewarding, that’s what makes it important. I’m also guessing that’s what makes it so much less talked about and discussed and rewarded with prizes (am I mistaken in thinking that Oyeyemi has never yet been shortlisted for a major prize?) than it should be.

We have a magician in our midst. I know she won’t care about prizes, which is why I’m giving myself permission to care on her behalf. What she cares about is the writing, the doing of it, the thinking, the following of a thread of an idea (or a trail of breadcrumbs, if we really must) wherever it leads her. The placing of one word in front of another, an outpouring of imagery so rich and so personal it might communicate to some as dissonance, but that is in reality as careful and considered and skilful as the aligning and mortaring of bricks to build a fortress wall.

She is unique and she is wayward and she is to be treasured. I watched an interview with her recently on YouTube in which many of those qualities shine out strongly, most of all her insistence on being allowed the head-space to say what she actually means, rather than being pushed towards repeating the slew of steady, ready answers to familiar questions that inevitably accrue in our minds when we’ve done even a couple of author events, let alone a book tour. Again, treasure. I was interested, though afterwards not surprised, to hear her mention Jesse Ball as a favourite writer. Just a week or so ago I read his most recent novel The Divers’ Game, and though opposite to Oyeyemi in some ways – so pared down it’s like glass, or granite, with the immaculate sheen of poetry – in the quality of its writing it possesses that same waywardness, that same fierce, you might even say stubborn insistence on being what it is, that is, an almost icily accurate representation of what the writer is actually thinking, actually feeling.

Not a summary, not a pruned-back, dumbed-down approximation, but the real deal. A brutal and terrifying portrayal of dystopia and moral laziness and yet at the same time – can I even say this? – still somehow hopeful, The Divers’ Game should win every science fiction award out there in 2020. My prediction is that it won’t be shortlisted even for one.

I am thinking of these two writers especially today because they give me courage. They give me courage to believe that it is possible, as a writer, to enter the places you need to enter, to explore the realms of thought and language you feel bound to explore.

To say what we have to say, regardless of how it might be received, what worth might be placed upon it by others. To follow what we believe to be true, and to keep on going.

Pure love for words

‘The poem, like most of my poems, and like the story I’d promised to expand, conflated fact and fiction, and it occurred to me – not for the first time, but with a new force – that part of what I loved about poetry was how the distinction between fiction and nonfiction didn’t obtain, how the correspondence between text and world was less important than the intensities of the poem itself, what possibilities of feeling were opened up in the present tense of reading.’

(Ben Lerner, 10:04)

In a recent episode of BBC Radio 4’s Open Book, an interview with the American writer Ben Lerner about his new semi-autobiographical novel The Topeka School could be heard back-to-back with a discussion between Olivia Sudjic and Meena Kandasamy on the nature and rise of autofiction. I read Sudjic’s Exposure earlier this year. At the time of listening to the programme I had just finished reading Lerner’s Leaving the Atocha Station and 10:04 in preparation for reading The Topeka School. As I write these words now, I turned the final page of Kandasamy’s third novel Exquisite Cadavers about half an hour ago.

Kandasamy has spoken of how Exquisite Cadavers is in part a response to the response surrounding her second novel, When I Hit You, much of which had the effect of relegating this singularly audacious, virtuoso autofictional essay on the radical power of literature to the domain of misery memoir. As part of the discussion on Open Book, Kandasamy was upfront about the repeated frustration she has experienced in being subjected to this kind of commentary:

‘When I wrote my second novel and it was very personal, people would reduce the whole thing to “oh, she just wrote about what happened to her”. Most of the emphasis was on the ‘what happened to her’ part of it, as opposed to the fact that ‘she wrote about it, and she’s creating a work of art here’. The fact that you’re a woman, the fact that this is an artistic endeavour that’s taken years to write is just erased.’

Sudjic was quick to confirm that her experience as a writer has thus far been very similar and I could have listened to their conversation for hours:

‘Autofiction when it’s written by women is often seen as this indulgent thing where they’re writing about themselves, and I find that so strange, because what they’re really doing is drawing attention to the frame. It’s a technique that sits next to metafiction really, which is drawing attention to how it’s all constructed, and I find it very frustrating that that’s what gets ignored when it’s women doing it, whereas for example with Ben Lerner, everyone’s very on board with reading those books as real, structural, artistic works, rather than constantly asking him what his mother thinks about the way she’s represented in them.’

Exquisite Cadavers is a brave and important work on so many levels. With a structure partly inspired by Derrida’s 1974 novel Glas, it presents a fictional story of a mixed-race couple living in contemporary London alongside margin notes detailing the ideas, events and research that inspired it. As the book progresses, the invented story and the autobiographical elements begin in their own strange way to coalesce, each illuminating the other in a way that reads as a genuine representation of the way fiction is actually created. It’s a brilliant achievement, and what I love most about it – as with When I Hit You – is its visceral revelation of the power literature can still wield, not in spite of its ‘literariness’, but because of it. The ‘lived experience’ is the creation of these words, these sentences, this body of work, not the facsimiles of experiences described, which may or may not be ‘true’ but who the hell cares? What we care about is what is on the page, the experience that brings reader and writer closer together.

The irony, as Sudjic points out, is the extent to which she and Lerner and Kandasamy are engaged in similar literary endeavours, as set against the peculiar distance that is drawn between them by many readers and commentators. I loved Lerner’s first two novels so much I found myself weeping in gratitude. I cannot imagine a more important writer right now than Kandasamy. I found Sudjic’s polemic in Exposure vitally enlightening and, safe in the knowledge that her second novel Asylum Road is coming down the line soon from Bloomsbury, I am about to begin reading her debut, Sympathy.

I’m saving The Topeka School for the week between Christmas and Hogmanay. Far from being played out, the novel today is more exciting than it’s been for years.

100 Novels that Shaped My World

This year marks the 300th anniversary of the publication of Daniel Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe, the work that is generally proclaimed as the first English novel. To mark this tricentenary, the BBC is launching a major new TV series exploring the phenomenon of the novel and the impact this art form has had, on our imaginative lives as individuals and on our development as a society. As part of its year-long celebrations, the BBC invited a panel of six well known writers and cultural commentators – Stig Abell, Syima Aslam, Juno Dawson, Kit de Waal, Mariella Frostrup and Alexander McCall Smith – to assemble a list of one hundred English-language novels they feel have exerted a major impact – both on them personally, and on our cultural life as a nation.

“We asked our prestigious panel to create a list of world-changing novels that would be provocative, spark debate and inspire curiosity,” explains Jonty Claypole, the director of BBC Arts. “It took months of enthusiastic debate and they have not disappointed. There are neglected masterpieces, irresistible romps as well as much-loved classics. It is a more diverse list than any I have seen before, recognising the extent to which the English language novel is an art form embraced way beyond British shores.”

A very conscious attempt to challenge the canon, then, which is much to be applauded. The list certainly encourages debate – there are titles here that almost everyone will agree on rubbing shoulders with titles that will leave some critics rolling their eyes and tutting about standards. This is all part of the fun of the thing, of course – and I’m greatly looking forward to all the upcoming documentaries, discussion programmes and author profiles the BBC is promising us.

The whole business has got me thinking, though, about the impossibility of assembling a list that will have meaning for everyone. The panellists have helpfully arranged their choices into ten broad categories: Coming of Age, Love and Romance, Crime and Conflict, Politics, Power and Protest, Identity, Adventure, Family and Friendship, Class and Society, Life, Death and Other Worlds and, tantalisingly, Rule-Breakers. It’s as good a way of organising one’s thoughts as any, but reading is, above all, personal, and so it is inevitable that everyone who encounters this list will respond with more enthusiasm to some categories than others.

There is also the perennially vexed question of how you choose, what criteria come into play when making selections. It would seem obvious that anyone compiling such a list as part of a curriculum for a course of study, say, or curating an anthology, or indeed setting down a framework for a BBC Arts series has a duty to be as wide-ranging and representative as possible. We would want such a list to encompass the novel across all periods in its development. We should also demand that such a list be inclusive – of women writers, LGBTQ+ writers, writers from diverse social, cultural and ethnic backgrounds. Lists that fail to be inclusive will – directly or indirectly – help to shore up existing boundaries and biases, leading to a lopsided, restrictive view of literature and the potential alienation of millions of new readers and writers.

If we are choosing just for ourselves, though, our choices will naturally reflect our personal biases, our life experiences as readers, and I would argue that this is a tendency that should not be stifled but actively celebrated. If I were to find myself perusing a list of Hilary Mantel’s favourite books, or Nicola Barker’s, or Will Self’s, I would want to get a genuine insight into their thought processes and working methods, their personal literary canon. The books that made them writers, in other words. I would not be nearly as interested in seeing a list of titles they believe might make them look politically acceptable, intellectually on trend, or – heaven forbid – a nice person. I want to get at the meat.

There is huge value in group discussions of what literature represents and who it is representing. When I look back at how my own reading might have been shaped by such discussions – or lack of them – within the British education system I find myself interested and disturbed in equal measure. But there is also value in individual response, in laying bare our personal proclivities and blind spots, the ragged and digressive path of our creative development. In examining our choices, we offer ourselves the opportunity for reflection, and, perhaps, change. In looking at what is important to us now, we begin to wonder what might be more important to us in ten years’ time.

So in celebrating the tricentenary of Robinson Crusoe, I’m suggesting we all get naked! Here below you will find my own list – not of novels that shaped our world necessarily, but of novels that irrevocably, unequivocally shaped MY world. My main criterion in assembling this list has been that anyone reading it should be able to tell a lot, maybe everything, about who I am as a writer, how my literary interests have developed and what makes me tick. The one rule I set for myself was that no author could be represented on the list more than once. My selection parameters differ slightly from those of the BBC panel in that I have included works in translation. Novels written in languages other than English have been so central to my life and to my thinking that a list that did not include them would be practically meaningless. In similarly cheating vein, I have also included two poetry collections, and three short fiction collections. In the case of the Eliot and the Plath, these works have been so central to my literary outlook that leaving them off would feel like a lie. In the case of Oyeyemi and Wood, I wanted both these authors to be on my list, and these happen to be my favourite works by them. In the case of the Williams, her debut novel isn’t out yet and her collection Attrib. is too important to me not to be included.

In the case of the four series I’ve included, it’s simple tit for tat: if the BBC can have the whole of Harry Potter, I can have the Tripods.

After careful thought, I decided that rather than arranging my list alphabetically I would list the books chronologically, that is, the order in which I personally first encountered them. I cannot be one-hundred percent accurate about this – I no longer remember if I read Picnic at Hanging Rock before The Turn of the Screw or vice versa – but it’s as close to the truth as I can get. There are also authors I read other works from before the one cited – I read Ian McEwan’s The Cement Garden when I was fourteen, for example, well over a decade before Enduring Love, but it’s the later novel that has left the most lasting impression, and so that’s the one I’ve chosen.

The earliest book cited here forms one of very first reading memories and my heart still clenches every time I see the cover. The most recent, I haven’t quite finished yet but I know already that it’s a keeper. Are there books I feel sad not to have included? Dozens.

It’s been a fascinating list to compile. One of the things that pleases me most about it is that it includes only two books – the scintillating and important Wide Sargasso Sea, the seminal Nineteen Eighty-Four – that happen to coincide with those selected by the BBC panel. Which only goes to show how individual a passion reading is, how many game-chamging, groundbreaking masterpieces we have to choose from, and be inspired by.

100 NOVELS THAT SHAPED MY WORLD

Borka: the Adventures of a Goose with No Feathers by John Burningham

Charlie and the Chocolate Factory by Roald Dahl

Stig of the Dump by Clive King

Charlotte Sometimes by Penelope Farmer

Thursday’s Child by Noel Streatfield

‘Adventure’ series by Willard Price

The Ogre Downstairs by Diana Wynne Jones

Carrie’s War by Nina Bawden

Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte

The Time Machine by H. G. Wells

‘UNEXA’ series by Hugh Walters

Wuthering Heights by Emily Bronte

‘Changes’ trilogy by Peter Dickinson

‘Tripods’ trilogy by John Christopher

The Dolls’ House by Rumer Godden

The Chrysalids by John Wyndham

Watership Down by Richard Adams

The Magician’s Nephew by C. S. Lewis

My Cousin Rachel by Daphne Du Maurier

All Quiet on the Western Front by Erich Maria Remarque

A Passage to India by E. M. Forster

The Old Wives’ Tale by Arnold Bennett

Nineteen Eighty-Four by George Orwell

Jude the Obscure by Thomas Hardy

Pavane by Keith Roberts

Roadside Picnic by Arkady and Boris Strugatsky

The Waste Land by T. S. Eliot

Ariel by Sylvia Plath

The Grass is Singing by Doris Lessing

Wide Sargasso Sea by Jean Rhys

The Drought by J. G. Ballard

Doctor Zhivago by Boris Pasternak

Anna Karenina by Leo Tolstoy

The Search for Christa T. by Christa Wolf

The Idiot by Fyodor Dostoevsky

Doktor Faustus by Thomas Mann

Ada by Vladimir Nabokov

The Turn of the Screw by Henry James

Picnic at Hanging Rock by Joan Lindsay

The Book and the Brotherhood by Iris Murdoch

Strangers on a Train by Patricia Highsmith

The Affirmation by Christopher Priest

Midnight Sun by Ramsey Campbell

Ghost Story by Peter Straub

The Brimstone Wedding by Barbara Vine

The Course of the Heart by M. John Harrison

Enduring Love by Ian McEwan

The Blind Assassin by Margaret Atwood

Personality by Andrew O’Hagan

House of Leaves by Mark Z. Danielewski

The Gunslinger by Stephen King

The Iron Dragon’s Daughter by Michael Swanwick

The Fifth Head of Cerberus by Gene Wolfe

Shroud/Eclipse by John Banville

My Tango with Barbara Strozzi by Russell Hoban

The Green Man by Kingsley Amis

The Sheltering Sky by Paul Bowles

Cloud Atlas by David Mitchell

Beyond Black by Hilary Mantel

Shriek: an afterword by Jeff VanderMeer

Austerlitz by W. G. Sebald

Darkmans by Nicola Barker

Glister by John Burnside

The Good Soldier by Ford Madox Ford

The Kills by Richard House

A Russian Novel by Emmanuel Carrère

The Third Reich by Roberto Bolano

The Dry Salvages by Caitlin R. Kiernan

In the Shape of a Boar by Lawrence Norfolk

The Lazarus Project by Aleksandar Hemon

The Accidental by Ali Smith

Happy Like Murderers by Gordon Burn

F by Daniel Kehlmann

Straggletaggle by J. M. McDermott

The Lost Daughter by Elena Ferrante

What is Not Yours is Not Yours by Helen Oyeyemi

The Loser by Thomas Bernhard

The Peppered Moth by Margaret Drabble

All Those Vanished Engines by Paul Park

Sorcerer of the Wildeeps by Kai Ashante Wilson

The Infatuations by Javier Marias

Outline by Rachel Cusk

A Separation by Katie Kitamura

Satin Island by Tom McCarthy

Carthage by Joyce Carol Oates

This is Memorial Device by David Keenan

The Sellout by Paul Beatty

Death of a Murderer by Rupert Thomson

Lanark by Alasdair Gray

Falling Man by Don DeLillo

Dept of Speculation by Jenny Offill

Reservoir 13 by Jon McGregor

Attrib. by Eley Williams

Berg by Ann Quin

When I Hit You by Meena Kandasamy

Munich Airport by Greg Baxter

Caroline’s Bikini by Kirsty Gunn

Die, My Love by Ariana Harwicz

The Sing of the Shore by Lucy Wood

Flights by Olga Tokarczuk

The Dollmaker: AMA

Just to let you know that I’ll be doing a Reddit AMA this evening, 8 pm UK time, so do feel free to drop by and ask me questions about The Dollmaker, my upcoming novel The Good Neighbours and anything else you can think of relating to books and writing. Looking forward to you joining me at eight!

Season of the Witch

Whilst the non-fulfilment of Boris Johnson’s ‘do or die’ pledge is being held up as one of those celebratory, gather-around-the-campfire moments we can all find some solace in, it has begun to feel increasingly to me like an evasion. I don’t want to say a pointless postponement because I’m hoping – along with millions of others – that this will not be the case, although what exactly I am hoping for becomes increasingly unclear. I’m a staunch Remainer who has come to distrust the word, not only because of the way it has been turned into a slur by the hardline Right, but also because of the way it sorts me into a camp, pitting me against others rather than allowing me to talk with and try to understand them.

I feel contempt and anger for the lies spread about by the ultra-Leavers, not just the lies about Remainers and how we’re all about corporate capitalism but the still more damaging lies about immigration, about what a trade deal with Trump’s US, for example, might actually look like, what it would inevitably do to the social and environmental fabric of the country those behind the Leave campaign believes they are being so vigorous in defending. Not that we’d be offered such a trade deal, except on terms so mortifying I’d hope even the ur-Slytherin Dominic Cummings wouldn’t dare to advocate for it, but still. The Remain campaign though – as throughout the referendum itself – seems to have become increasingly self-righteous, increasingly divisive, increasingly intolerant, with this week’s meltdown in the People’s Vote ranks being only the most recent example.

We have a breathing-space extension to the Hallowe’en Extension, great. But with a scant six weeks between December 12 and January 31 and with Christmas and Hogmanay slap in the middle, where exactly is the upcoming general election going to land us?

In an era where the very idea of the nation state is going to become increasingly irrelevant, we need Corbyn’s policies, need them badly – but with the deep seam of intolerance, secrecy, gaslighting and reverse-bigotry splitting the heart of Corbyn’s Labour, I can’t imagine the circumstances under which he’d be able to deliver on his manifesto or even be capable of holding a government together. What we need is not ideology but caution, tolerance, above all far-sightedness. My own electoral dilemma is easily solved, because I live in Scotland. I’ll be voting SNP no matter what, for their policies on education, health and social care and for their solidly progressive green agenda as much as for their stance on Scottish independence. But when I begin to get the sense that the only power we have up here is to shore up the metaphorical Hadrian’s Wall we have built for ourselves through our SNP mandate, that is not a good feeling. What might be coming for us from down south? Johnson’s contempt for – or indifference towards, depending on how you interpret it – Scotland is self evident, but then Corbyn sees us only as a bolt-on, another bloc vote to be corralled and subdued. (Some chance.)

I have no answers, only more questions. Not a comfortable feeling but perhaps that’s as it should be. On the up side, it is Hallowe’en, the last bright blaze of autumnal fire before the frosts of winter (although we’ve already begun with the frosts up here, thanks). So let’s gather around that camp fire and tell some ghost stories.

*

I read this article about the resurgence of witchcraft in literature just before the Worldcon and found a lot to think about. Witches do seem to be having a moment right now, which is a good thing, not least because witches are far more interesting in terms of story than vampires or zombies. Dare I say they bring us hope, a sense of something vital and necessary and important to our society. I agree wholeheartedly with Cosslett, that the witch is well worth celebrating and exploring both as a symbol of women’s power and resistance to tyranny as well as a deeply rooted aspect of fairy tale and mythology. The witch is currently in the ascendant, and goddess knows we need her. But on this day of all days, we would do well to remember the reality of what the word ‘witch’ can mean, not only for the women of centuries past but still – sometimes, some places – today. The word witch has not only been a slur, it has been an accusation, a means of control, a name for hatred, a prelude to imprisonment, torture and government-sanctioned murder. Some of our witches are still fighting to be remembered, to be seen in the eyes of the society that condemned and killed them.

And we should also remember not all of them were women.

Let’s light a Hallowe’en candle for the witch still living in fear as well as for those celebrating the timely revival of all the downtrodden voices they represent. In her superb poetry collection WITCH – my standout discovery from Cosslett’s piece in the Guardian – Rebecca Tamas has done just that. This cycle of poems draws inspiration from all aspects of witchcraft – the traumatic, the incandescent, the morally ambiguous, the self-renewing – to present a blisteringly brutal revelation of what the word means. I’ve been reading a lot of poetry in 2019 (bonus recommendation: Fiona Benson’s luminescent Vertigo and Ghost, which is also quite witchy) and WITCH looks like being one of my favourite books of the year.

With the witch renaissance in full flower, there’s no shortage of crafty book recommendations for All Hallows Eve. Firstly, I’d like to focus attention once again on Sarah Maria Griffin’s Other Words for Smoke, which in terms of modern representation of witches is as powerful as anyone could hope for. The language is gorgeous and the story is compelling, the world evoked both terrifying and beautiful. I loved this book, which deserves to become as famous as Alan Garner’s The Owl Service (which is equally to be recommended and definitely witchy).

If you haven’t caught up with Catriona Ward’s Shirley Jackson Award-winning, British Fantasy Award-winning second novel Little Eve yet, let tonight be the night. Ward has a phenomenal talent, her feel for language so steadfastly in service of her riveting plotlines as to be inseparable from them. I read this book in a single sitting and found it genuinely chilling. Knowing that Ward is currently at work on a new book makes it doubly exciting to revisit this one.

If you’re already fed up with the cold, and enjoy a generous leavening of metafiction with your horror (I know I do) then William Gay’s masterful Southern Gothic Little Sister Death is your perfect match. I cannot overstate how much I loved this book, how closely it’s stuck with me since. The first chapter is one of the most exquisite feats of suspense writing I’ve ever come across, and the novel as it progresses does not renege on this initial promise. Like Little Eve, this is a story of cults and kinship and buried truths. It is also a novel about the implications and possible dangers of rooting out those truths. It’s a book about writing, and writing horror in particular. Little Sister Death is not just for Hallowe’en, she’s with you for life.

If you’re off to a Hallowe’en party and don’t have time to read a complete novel this evening, I would recommend you get yourself into the groove with a story or two from Georgina Bruce’s collection This House of Wounds. I’ve not quite finished reading it yet, but oh my goodness, this is something special. I don’t normally go in for these kind of overly simplistic comparisons but Bruce’s writing truly does read as if Eimear McBride and Livia Llewellyn had a baby! Bruce has been gradually building her reputation in weird short fiction for some years now and this collection marks a significant staging post in her career. The stories in This House of Wounds are richly allegorical, formally innovative, thought-provoking and ambiguous. All the things I love, in other words. If this isn’t on every awards ballot next year then the witches will be rising in rebellion…

If you’re heading to the cinema in search of Hallowe’en hell-raising, forgo the seasonal shlock-fests and reboots (fun though they always are on an evening like this) and go see Joker instead. ‘S all I’m saying.

For some musical accompaniment on your nightly revels, might I be so bold as to offer you this – a playlist for The Dollmaker that I recently compiled for largehearted boy. This is more wistful, mist-ful Hallowe’en than your full John Carpenter, but there are some ghosts here, some dark and twisted tales, an elf-queen or two. I loved picking out the tracks for this and I think that taken together they do convey something of the strangeness and longing that lie at the heart of Andrew and Bramber’s search for one another. I hope you enjoy them.

For me, it’s Cabin in the Woods (again) and a dram of single malt. Happy Hallowe’en!

Ormeshadow

Priya Sharma’s new novella Ormeshadow has the quality of a story that has always existed.

Gideon Belman learns the legend of the orme from his father John, who tells him of a great beast, a dragon, that once flew high across the bay before coming to rest with its head in the waves. The dragon fell into a sleep that seemed vast as death, but as John is careful to remind Gideon, sleep and death are not the same…

Ormeshadow is the story of Gideon, his father, mother and uncle and the many lives that intersect with theirs as they live out harsh lives on the farm held by both the Belman brothers, a plot of land loved by one, left behind by the other but not forever, the site of promises and betrayals and – ultimately – the birth of new futures.

The story is told through a series of discrete chapters, sections of a continuing narrative that take place sometimes years apart, sometimes a few scant days. This fractured form is both mosaic and multifaceted jewel, a sequence of prose poems that beguile and engross and accumulate and shatter the senses.

The urgent themes from Sharma’s earlier work are here – family tensions, social inequality, myth and magic. In Ormeshadow, we see her acquiring still greater confidence and authority in the art of storytelling. It is impossible to read this novella and not be affected by it at a gut level. It is still less possible to read this novella and not be overcome by admiration for what Sharma as a writer has accomplished here. Ormeshadow feels ageless, perfect. Yet it is a story that speaks persuasively for our time.

A powerful fusion of language (did I mention the language?) form and mythmaking from a writer whose work is constantly evolving and breaking new ground. Superb. Read it.

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